Task 2
Organic Design
In the 1930s, there was a belief of that the organic movement was that the furniture and architecture should reflect between the harmony of people and nature. In furniture design this was meant natural materials such as wood, and smooth rounded forms. The legendary French designer Jean Prouve came out of the period showing his bent plywood furniture, as well Marcel Breuer with his laminated birch plywood armchair with a calfskin cushion. The designers were fully dedicated to their craft, and their work was painstakingly made and yet not easily produced.
In
the 1950s Alvar Aalto an architect and furniture designer well known for making
use of natural materials and one of the most famous designers of this movement
became very successful with his highly mass-produced furniture and lighting. Meanwhile,
Wendell Castle the woodworker furniture designer kept a true dedication of his
handmade wooden pieces and designs. Later in the 1980s, Castle’s assistant
woodworker George Nakashima began working with well-known successful manufacturers
to produce his traditionally well-known custom made wooden furniture, only
under supervision from the designer himself.
Since
modern technology is changing and evolving too it is allowing a lot of
designers to mass produce one of a kind piece on a large scale. For example,
take the Dutch designer Joris Laarman, in which he designs furniture using
software he creates and afterwards 3D prints the pieces to be assembled by hand
just like a jigsaw puzzle. Take his adaptation Chair for example, it is printed
using a large low-cost 3D printer than easily welded together coated with
metal.
For me I see that this movement made
and brought a lot of change to us people, helping us in creating more creative
work in which can be used to help us. As well I see that this movement could
also inspire younger generations that are interested in becoming furniture
designers.
Reference: Page title: Organic Design | Musei Italiani, Website name:
Museiitaliani.org, Publisher: Museo Del Design 1880-1980, The publisher of the
document, URL: http://www.museiitaliani.org/organic-design/
International Style
The
International Style emerged in the 1920s and 1930s, the formative decades of modern
architecture, as it was first defined by the Americans Henry-Russell Hitchcock and
Philip Johnson in 1932, with an emphasis on architectural style, form and
aesthetic than the social aspects of the modern movement as emphasised in
Europe. The most common characteristics of International styled buildings are rumoured
to be in rectilinear forms, light and plain surfaces that have been completely
stripped of applied ornamentation and decoration with open interiors spaces in
which they are visually weightless. These houses are mostly made of glass and
steel with the combination of less visible reinforced concrete these are the
materials used for the construction.
After World War 2, the international
Style opened a lot of doors allowing designers to easily achieve multiple style
options for vast scaled urban projects, in which this intended to maximize the amount
of floor space for a given area, while still attempting to convince local
planners and politicians would bring much more needed wealth to the city while
on the other hand rejecting the proposal would lead the development to be
different.
The International style identified,
categorized and expanded upon characteristics were said to be like Modernism
across the world and its stylistic aspects. Hitchcock and Johnson identified
three of the most important principles and these were: “the expression of
volume rather than mass, the emphasis on balance rather than preconceived
symmetry, and the expulsion of applied ornament. Their aim was to define a
style that would encapsulate this modern architecture, doing so need specific architects.
For me this
movement really effected the world nowadays as if I am outside I do see some of
the houses of this design but a few since they are expansive to build. This
could also inspire more designers to find ways to design house like this which
could be a bit cheaper than the original designs.
Reference: Page title: The International Style Movement,
Artists and Major Works, Website name: The Art Story, Publisher: Unknown, URL: http://www.theartstory.org/movement-international-style.htm
Page title:
Architecture in the Early 20th Century, Modernism, Bauhaus, DeStijl and
International Style, Website name: YouTube, Publisher: Bauhaus Möbel &
Designermöbel, URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jrol0WsehTM
Pop Design
Pop Design emerged in the 1950s but
remained relevant up to the present day. Product design influenced pop art, and
pop art influenced product design. At the time of the post war boom, mass
production was already everywhere and brightly coloured commercials were
staring people from every corner. The fashion industry also started picking up,
pop music as we know it was on the rise and celebrity gossip became a thing.
Pop Design was mostly known for its
bright colours. We see them in commercial graphics, it was a matter of time
until it started to influence other design areas. Pop artists often chose
industrially mass-produced goods as subjects of their work, and at the same
time influencing designers to create completely new original objects. Pop art
furniture emerged during the 1960s and relied on bright colours, unusual design
and sturdy geometric shapes which were also made of plastic! The reason is that
plastic screams consumerism its cheap and can easily be crafted so designers at
that time were very successful during this era. The fashion industry did not
take long to merge with pop art as well.
Pop Design
was very popular back than although it died a little nowadays and the reason is
because of all the heat we have plastic is not that reliable anymore and you
can still find most of the first designs if you are lucky enough to find a
collector that collects them.
For me Pop Art and Pop Design are my
favourite movements and the reason is that this movement could allow the artist
and designer with outstanding ideas brightly coloured. As well another reason I
love the movements it is because this is where comics were first introduced to
the world and are still mass produced till today. Personally, I think that this
is the movement that affected us the most and it still inspires artists and
designers till this day.
Reference:
Page title: Pop Art Design, Website
name: Design-museum.de, Publisher: Unknown, URL: http://www.design-museum.de/en/exhibitions/detailpages/pop-art-design.html
