Task 2
Pop Art
In 1952,
some artists in London calling themselves the Independent Group started meeting
regularly to discuss topics such as mass culture’s place in fine art, the found
object, and science and technology. In the early 1950s their members included
Eduardo Paolozzi, Richard Hamilton, architects Alison and Peter Smithson, and
as well critics such as Lawrence Alloway and Reyner Banham. Britain was still
emerging from the post-war years and most of the citizens were ambivalent about
popular American culture. Though the group was suspicious for its commercial
character, they were happy about the world of pop culture which seemed to
promise the future. The imagery that they talked about at length included that
which is found in Western movies, comic books, rock and roll music and others.
The term “Pop art” has many origins
it has been attributed to both Lawrence Alloway and Alison and Peter Smithson,
as well to Richard Hamilton, in which he defined Pop in a letter whilst the
first artwork to define “Pop” was produced by Paolozzi.
But
Originally Pop art was started by the New York artists Andy Warhol, Roy
Lichtenstein, James Rosenquist, and Claes Oldenburg in America, all of in which
are known that drew on popular imagery and were actually part of an
international phenomenon.
The aim for
Pop art to be between “high” art and “low” art culture. The concept was that
for this art any art may borrow from any source that has been one of the most
influential characteristics of Pop art.
The way I
see Pop art is that it is very interesting and an amazing type of art. For me I
really love this kind of art and I know that many of the young artists will get
inspired by this movement and I am one of them in which I could see myself
working with this movements style of art.
References:
Year published: Dec 21, 2015, Page title: Pop Art Movement, Website
name: YouTube, Publisher: Keshav Nagpal, URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=orI9oDW9dd4
Futurism
Futurism is the most
important Italian avant-garde art movement of the 20th century, it
celebrated advanced technology and urban modernity. Committed to modern style
its members wanted to destroy everything old to recreate and use the new ones.
They wanted to show the beauty of the machine, speed, Violence and change to
the world.
These members were embracing in popular media and advanced
technologies to show their ideas. Thanks to their ideas eventually led them to
their first World War. Most of its members left to embrace Fascism, making
Futurism the only twentieth century avant-garde to embrace politics.
Artists that were influenced by
Marinetti’s ideas were Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla, Gino Severini, and Carlo
Carra in which they believed they could be translated into a modern, figurative
art which explored the properties of space and movement. The movement initially
centred in Milan but throughout subsequent years it spread because of Marinetti
Vigorously promoted it.
In
years prior to emergence of the movement, its members had worked an eclectic
range of styles in which they were inspired by Post-Impressionism, after that
they continued to do so. Though Severini was mostly interested in Divisionism,
in which involved of breaking down light and colour into series of stippled
dots and stripes to fracture the picture plane to achieve an ambiguous sense of
depth.
The way I see this movement is very
interesting. The reason is that even at their first steps they had already
started thinking how the future will be and they started to try and draw it out
which may inspire young artists like myself.
References: Year
published: 2002, Page title: A Brief Guide to Futurist Art and Futurism,
Website name: YouTube, Publisher: alex fox, URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZHpmJvU7sM
Minimalism
In the early 1960s Minimalism
emerged in New York among the artists which were self-consciously renouncing
recent art in which they thought had become stale and academic. Waves of new
influences and rediscovered styles influenced younger artists to question the
conventional boundaries between various media. New favoured cool art over the
“dramatic”: in which consisted that their sculpture was fabricated from
industrial materials and emphasized anonymity over the excess of Abstract
Expressionism. Minimalism had triumphed in America and Europe through a
combination of forces in which some of them were museum curators, art dealers
and publications, plus government patronage by the end of the 1970s. Members of
a new movement, Post-Minimalism, were already challenging the authority and were
a testament to show how important Minimalism became.
By Removing certain suggestions of
biography from their art or any metaphors of any kind Minimalists distanced
themselves from the Abstracts expressionists. Their denial to expression
coupled with an interest in making art that avoided looking like a fine art
piece which led them to the creation of sleek and geometric works that purposefully
had a conventional aesthetic appeal.
The way they
used prefabricated industrial materials, often repeated geometric forms
together with the emphasis placed on the physical space occupied by the artwork
that led to some of the most important works that forced the viewer to confront
the arrangement and scale of the forms. They also led to experience qualities
such as weight, height, gravity and a few others. They often faced artworks
that demanded a physical as well as a visual response.
For me this
movement is also very interesting as well I might think that it has already
influenced my style of work without even noticing that. Also, I really like the
way it fights Abstract Expressionism to show that it is a very different and
unique art.
Reference: Year
published: 2014, Page title: Minimalism (The Art Movement), Website name:
YouTube, Publisher: Najeeb Nayazi, URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IuzqzJveuOg
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